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Vitamin and Supplement Primer 
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Dietary supplements, as defined by Congress in the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994, is a product (other than tobacco) taken by mouth that contains a "dietary ingredient" intended to supplement the diet. Dietary ingredients may include vitamins,
minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, and substances such as enzymes, organ tissues, and metabolites. Dietary supplements come
in many forms, including extracts, concentrates, tablets, capsules, gel caps, liquids, and powders. They have special requirements for labeling. Under DSHEA, dietary supplements are considered foods, not drugs.
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vitamin information
Biochemically, vitamins work as a regulator or
modulator to keep biological reactions in the body
functioning normally. Thus, vitamins are vital for the
body’s growth, maintenance and reproduction. Although
there is an exception (vitamin D), our bodies cannot
synthesize vitamins and must be obtained from either
food or supplements. Research has shown over and over
again that the majority of American do not consume
sufficient nutrients to meet recommended intakes for
wellness. For this reason, dietary supplementation
should be considered as a part of an overall wellness
plan.
Medline Plus
Vitamin and Mineral Information Center
Vitamin-Nutirion.org
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mineral information
Minerals or inorganic nutrients are essential
for growth, development, maintenance and repair of our
bodies. Some minerals such as calcium and sodium
(macro-minerals) are abundant in the body; while others
such as chromium and selenium are limited (trace
minerals). Regardless of the concentration in the body,
minerals have a great variety of significant functions.
For example, it is well known that adequate calcium
intake is important for bone health and prevention of
osteoporosis. Health care professionals, including
pharmacists need to be aware of the importance of
minerals but also understand the risks of excess or
limited amounts of minerals.
Vitamin and Mineral Information Center
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herbal supplements
Plants
have been used as therapeutic regimen for thousands of
years, based on experience and folk remedies. In the
United States, botanical products such as herbs have
been increasingly popular as dietary supplements,
especially among middle age and older Americans. Ongoing
research in the area of botanical medicine continues to
identify bioactive compounds in herbs as their
effectiveness in providing general wellness. However,
increased interest and reports on efficacy of herbs has
resulted in confusion among consumers. Moreover, the
increase in use of herbal products in conjunction with
prescription medications has resulted in previously
unrecognized drug-herb interactions. It is important for
health care professionals, including pharmacists, to
communicate with their patients the known benefits of
herbal remedies as well as consult on possible potential
negative interactions with medications.
Nutrasanus
Herbal Supplements Guide
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dietary supplements
Dietary
supplements include vitamins, minerals, botanicals and
“ingredients” which include, for example, fish oil,
flaxseed oil, glucosamine and SAMe
(s-adenosylmethionine). These ingredients, as well as
others, have been found effective in preventing disease
(e.g. fish oil and cardiovascular disease) and managing
medical conditions (e.g. glucosamine and SAMe for
osteoarthritic symptoms of the knee).
Office of Dietary Supplements
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allgirlfitness factors
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 nutrition
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